Question 1

Explain what is meant by the term ‘universe’.

Question 2

• What is the approximate age of the universe?

• What is the approximate size of the universe?

Question 3

Name the three main components of the universe.

Question 4

• Describe normal matter.

• Describe dark matter.

• Describe dark energy.

Question 5

• Explain why scientists believe dark matter exists, even though it has never been observed.

• Explain why scientists believe dark energy exists, even though it has never been observed.

Question 6

Complete the following table summarising normal matter, dark matter and dark energy.

Question 7

Differentiate between the terms ‘astronomical body’ and ‘astronomical object’, with examples.

Question 8

Describe the following astronomical bodies.

• Star

• Planet

• Dwarf planet

• Moon

• Asteroid

• Comet

• Meteoroid

Question 9

Describe the following astronomical objects.

• Planetary system

• Star system

• Star cluster

• Galaxy

Question 10

Compare the age and origin of stars within star systems, star clusters and galaxies.

Question 11

Describe the interstellar medium and the intergalactic medium.

Question 12

• Describe cosmic dust.

• Complete the following table by stating the location of each type of cosmic dust.

Question 13

• Describe nebulae.

• What is the significance of nebulae in the life cycle of stars?