Archives: Lessons

Mendelian Genetics Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how Gregor Mendel discovered fundamental laws of inheritance by conducting quantitative experiments with garden peas. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Define ‘pure breeding line’ and differentiate between cross-pollination and self-fertilisation. Construct Punnett squares for a monohybrid cross … Read more

Punnett Squares Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how Punnett squares can be used to predict genotypes and phenotypes of offspring. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Complete a Punnett square to determine the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring for: Dominant and recessive inheritance Incomplete … Read more

Sex-Linked Inheritance Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes follow different patterns of inheritance in males and females. Learning Outcomes Explain what a sex-linked trait is and differentiate between X-linked and Y-linked traits. Write genotypes for sex-linked traits and describe hemizygosity in males. Determine genotypes … Read more

Dominance, Incomplete Dominance and Codominance Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the three modes of biological inheritance – dominance, incomplete dominance and codominance. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the three modes of biological inheritance: Dominance Incomplete dominance Codominance Define ‘dominant’ and ‘recessive’ in … Read more

Genes, Genotype and Phenotype Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how characteristics of living things are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe what traits are and explain how they are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Describe what genes … Read more

Asexual and Sexual Reproduction Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the two main ways organisms reproduce – asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Define asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction and compare the genetic composition of offspring. Describe how sexual reproduction … Read more

Cell Division – DNA Replication, Mitosis and Meiosis Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the two types of cell division – involving either mitosis or meiosis – and the process of DNA replication which takes place prior to both. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: … Read more

Chromosomes, Diploid Cells and Haploid Cells Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the arrangement of chromosomes in diploid and haploid cells, and how sex chromosomes determine biological sex. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the arrangement of chromosomes in diploid cells (body cells) and … Read more

DNA – The Molecule of Life Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the structure of DNA – the molecule that carries genetic information in living things. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the structure of nucleotides – the subunits of DNA molecules. Describe the … Read more

Branches of Science Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the five branches of science that are studied in high school. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Give a general description of the types of topics studied in chemistry, physics, biology, earth science and space science. … Read more

Practical Reports Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the different sections of a scientific practical report and the style in which they are written. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Name the different sections of a scientific practical report, in the correct order. Describe the … Read more

The Scientific Method Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how scientific knowledge is accumulated through a rigorous and methodical process of inquiry. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the steps involved in the scientific method. Define qualitative and quantitative observation, inference and prediction. Describe how … Read more

The Bunsen Burner Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the different parts of a Bunsen burner, and how to use a Bunsen burner correctly and safely in a science laboratory. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Identify the different parts of a Bunsen burner. Describe … Read more

Scientific Diagrams Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn the rules for drawing scientific diagrams and how to draw some common pieces of laboratory equipment. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Draw and label scientific diagrams, according to a set of rules. Draw scientific diagrams of common … Read more

Scientific Laboratory Equipment Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the main glassware items and other pieces of equipment used in a school science laboratory. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Identify common scientific laboratory equipment. Give examples of common uses of different scientific laboratory equipment. … Read more

Separation of Mixtures Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how mixtures can be separated by a variety of methods, depending on the type of mixture and the physical properties of the component substances. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the following separation methods, with examples: … Read more

Solutions and Solubility Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn about the properties of solutions and look at examples of different types of solutions. We will also learn how solubility is related to the components of a solution and how it is affected by temperature and pressure. Learning Outcomes By the end of this … Read more

Pure Substances and Mixtures Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how matter is classified based on its macroscopic and microscopic properties. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Define matter and explain how it is composed of particles. Distinguish between a pure substance and a mixture. Distinguish … Read more

Investigating Chemical Reactions Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how chemical reactions can be classified, based on the way atoms are rearranged, or according to the energy changes that take place. We will also learn how to test for oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas produced during chemical reactions. Learning Outcomes By the … Read more

Describing Chemical Reactions Using Equations Learning Objective In this lesson we will learn how to represent chemical reactions as word equations and formula equations. Learning Outcomes By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Identify reactants and products in chemical reactions. Represent chemical reactions as word equations. Represent chemical reactions as formula … Read more